SELECT 
  ushop_product_descriptions.product_id, 
  ushop_product_descriptions.short_description, 
  IF(
    ushop_product_descriptions.short_description = '' 
    OR ushop_product_descriptions.short_description IS NULL, 
    ushop_product_descriptions.full_description, 
    ''
  ) AS full_description, 
  ushop_product_descriptions.unit_name 
FROM 
  ushop_product_descriptions 
WHERE 
  ushop_product_descriptions.product_id IN (317, 314, 313, 316) 
  AND ushop_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'es'

Query time 0.00089

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "2.81"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "ushop_product_descriptions",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "PRIMARY",
        "product_id"
      ],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "product_id",
        "lang_code"
      ],
      "key_length": "9",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 4,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 4,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "index_condition": "((`marketplace`.`ushop_product_descriptions`.`product_id` in (317,314,313,316)) and (`marketplace`.`ushop_product_descriptions`.`lang_code` = 'es'))",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "2.41",
        "eval_cost": "0.40",
        "prefix_cost": "2.81",
        "data_read_per_join": "25K"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "product_id",
        "lang_code",
        "short_description",
        "full_description",
        "unit_name"
      ]
    }
  }
}