SELECT 
  ushop_product_sales.product_id, 
  amount AS sales_amount 
FROM 
  ushop_product_sales 
  LEFT JOIN ushop_products_categories ON ushop_products_categories.product_id = ushop_product_sales.product_id 
  AND ushop_products_categories.category_id = ushop_product_sales.category_id 
WHERE 
  ushop_product_sales.product_id IN (
    430, 428, 429, 289, 287, 307, 292, 452, 
    516, 447, 517, 296, 361, 297
  ) 
  AND ushop_products_categories.link_type = 'M'

Query time 0.00099

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "7.51"
    },
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "ushop_product_sales",
          "access_type": "ALL",
          "possible_keys": [
            "PRIMARY",
            "pa"
          ],
          "rows_examined_per_scan": 21,
          "rows_produced_per_join": 14,
          "filtered": "66.67",
          "cost_info": {
            "read_cost": "1.21",
            "eval_cost": "1.40",
            "prefix_cost": "2.61",
            "data_read_per_join": "224"
          },
          "used_columns": [
            "category_id",
            "product_id",
            "amount"
          ],
          "attached_condition": "(`marketplace`.`ushop_product_sales`.`product_id` in (430,428,429,289,287,307,292,452,516,447,517,296,361,297))"
        }
      },
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "ushop_products_categories",
          "access_type": "eq_ref",
          "possible_keys": [
            "PRIMARY",
            "link_type",
            "pt"
          ],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "used_key_parts": [
            "category_id",
            "product_id"
          ],
          "key_length": "6",
          "ref": [
            "marketplace.ushop_product_sales.category_id",
            "marketplace.ushop_product_sales.product_id"
          ],
          "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
          "rows_produced_per_join": 13,
          "filtered": "98.80",
          "cost_info": {
            "read_cost": "3.50",
            "eval_cost": "1.38",
            "prefix_cost": "7.51",
            "data_read_per_join": "221"
          },
          "used_columns": [
            "product_id",
            "category_id",
            "link_type"
          ],
          "attached_condition": "(`marketplace`.`ushop_products_categories`.`link_type` = 'M')"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}